Thick and tough layer of glycocalyx is called

Options

A. slime layer
B. vacuole
C. lamellae
D. capsule

Answer

To answer the question "Thick and tough layer of glycocalyx is called," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Glycocalyx**:
- Glycocalyx is a term used to describe a thick layer of carbohydrates that surrounds the cell membrane in some cells, particularly in bacteria and animal cells. It plays a crucial role in protection, immunity to infection, and cell recognition.

2. **Identifying the Layers**:
- The glycocalyx can be categorized into two main types: the capsule and the slime layer. The capsule is a well-organized and tightly bound layer, while the slime layer is more loosely associated with the cell.

3. **Evaluating Options**:
- The question provides several options to identify the thick and tough layer of glycocalyx:
- **Option 1: Slime Layer** - This is incorrect as the slime layer is not thick and tough; it is unorganized and loosely associated.
- **Option 2: Vacuole** - This is also incorrect. Vacuoles are storage organelles and do not refer to the glycocalyx.
- **Option 3: Lamellae** - This option is incorrect as well. Lamellae are thin layers found in structures like bone and do not pertain to glycocalyx.
- **Option 4: Capsule** - This is the correct answer. The capsule is a thick and tough layer of glycocalyx that provides protection and helps in adherence to surfaces.

4. **Final Answer**:
- Therefore, the thick and tough layer of glycocalyx is called the **Capsule**.