Cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells are

Options

A. Middle lamellum
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Primary cell
D. plasmodesmata

Answer

To answer the question "Cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells are," we need to analyze the options provided and determine which one correctly describes these connections.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the cytoplasmic connections that exist between adjacent cells. This refers to structures that allow for communication and transport between cells.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: Middle Lamella**: The middle lamella is a layer that acts as a cementing substance between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells. It is not a direct cytoplasmic connection, so this option is incorrect.
- **Option 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum**: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids within a cell. It does not connect adjacent cells, making this option incorrect as well.
- **Option 3: Primary Cell Wall**: The primary cell wall is the outermost layer of a plant cell and does not serve as a cytoplasmic connection between cells. Therefore, this option is also incorrect.
- **Option 4: Plasmodesmata**: Plasmodesmata are specialized channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells, allowing for the direct cytoplasmic connection between adjacent cells. They facilitate communication and transport of substances between cells. This option is correct.

3. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation of the options, the correct answer is **Plasmodesmata**.

### Final Answer:
Cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells are **Plasmodesmata**.

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