Transformation of normal cell into cancerous cell is induced by

Options

A. Carcinogens
B. UV-rays
C. Neoplastic cells
D. Mutagens

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process that induces the transformation of a normal cell into a cancerous cell.

2. **Defining Transformation**: The transformation of a normal cell into a cancerous cell is a significant change in the cell's characteristics, leading to uncontrolled growth and division.

3. **Identifying the Process**: This transformation is known as the mutation process. Mutations involve sudden changes in the genetic material of the cell.

4. **Role of Genes**: Genes, which are the physical and functional units of heredity, are made of DNA. Mutations can occur in these genes, leading to changes that may result in cancer.

5. **Causes of Mutation**: The mutations that lead to cancer can be caused by various agents known as mutagens. These agents can be physical or chemical in nature.

6. **Understanding Mutagens**: Mutagens are substances that bring about changes in the genetic material of cells. They can induce mutations that may lead to the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the transformation of a normal cell into a cancerous cell is induced by mutagens. The correct answer to the question is option 4: mutagens.