Read the following Statements A-D.
a) Memory- based innate immunity evolved in higher vertebrates based on the ability to differentiate foreign organism (e.g. pathogen) from self-cells.
b) The exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigen presents in the environment is called allergy.
c) Passive immuntiy is slow and takes time to give its full effective response.
d) The Yellowish fluid colostrum secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation has abundant antibodies to protect the infant.
How many of the above statements are false?

Options

A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1

Answer

To determine how many of the statements A-D are false, let's analyze each statement one by one:

### Step 1: Analyze Statement A
**Statement A:** "Memory-based innate immunity evolved in higher vertebrates based on the ability to differentiate foreign organisms (e.g., pathogen) from self-cells."
- **Analysis:** This statement is false. Memory-based immunity is not part of innate immunity; it is part of acquired (adaptive) immunity. Innate immunity does not have a memory component.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement B
**Statement B:** "The exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called allergy."
- **Analysis:** This statement is true. Allergies are indeed exaggerated immune responses to environmental antigens (allergens).

### Step 3: Analyze Statement C
**Statement C:** "Passive immunity is slow and takes time to give its full effective response."
- **Analysis:** This statement is false. Passive immunity involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies, which provide immediate protection and do not take time to develop a response.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement D
**Statement D:** "The yellowish fluid colostrum secreted by the mother during the initial days of lactation has abundant antibodies to protect the infant."
- **Analysis:** This statement is true. Colostrum is rich in antibodies (especially IgA) and provides essential immune protection to the newborn.

### Conclusion
Now, let's summarize the findings:
- Statement A: False
- Statement B: True
- Statement C: False
- Statement D: True

**Total false statements:** 2 (Statements A and C)

### Final Answer
**There are 2 false statements.**

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