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Consider the following four statements (...

Consider the following four statements (a-d) and select the option which includes all the correct ones only:
a) B-lymphocytes forms cellular barrier of innate immunity.
b) HLA antigens are called as transplantation antigens
c) Subsequent encounter with the same pathogen elicits a highly intensified anamnestic response.
d) Interferons protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.

A

Statements, b, c, d

B

Statements b, c

C

Statements c, d

D

Statements a, c, d

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to evaluate each statement (a-d) regarding their correctness in the context of human health and disease. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Evaluate Statement a:** - **Statement:** B-lymphocytes form cellular barrier of innate immunity. - **Analysis:** B-lymphocytes are part of the adaptive immune system, not the innate immune system. The innate immunity includes barriers like skin and certain immune cells (e.g., macrophages). Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**. 2. **Evaluate Statement b:** - **Statement:** HLA antigens are called transplantation antigens. - **Analysis:** HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens) are indeed crucial for organ transplantation because they help the immune system recognize which cells belong to the body and which do not. Mismatched HLA antigens can lead to transplant rejection. Thus, this statement is **correct**. 3. **Evaluate Statement c:** - **Statement:** Subsequent encounter with the same pathogen elicits a highly intensified anamnestic response. - **Analysis:** The anamnestic response refers to the rapid and robust immune response generated upon re-exposure to a previously encountered pathogen. This is due to the memory cells formed during the first exposure. Therefore, this statement is **correct**. 4. **Evaluate Statement d:** - **Statement:** Interferons protect non-infected cells from further viral infection. - **Analysis:** Interferons are signaling proteins released by infected cells that help protect neighboring non-infected cells from viral infection. They trigger antiviral defenses in those cells. Thus, this statement is **correct**. ### Conclusion: The correct statements are **b, c, and d**. The incorrect statement is **a**. ### Final Answer: The option that includes all the correct statements only is **b, c, and d**. ---
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