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Photochemical smog affects plants by...

Photochemical smog affects plants by

A

bleaching of leaves and excess production of pigments

B

shedding of foliage and increase of transpiration

C

white patches on leaves and curling

D

degradation of chlorophyll by ozone

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Photochemical Smog**: - Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution that occurs when sunlight reacts with nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. This reaction produces a brown haze, primarily composed of ozone and other harmful chemicals. 2. **Identifying Effects on Plants**: - The question asks how photochemical smog affects plants. We need to evaluate the options given to determine the correct answer. 3. **Evaluating the Options**: - **Option A**: Bleaching of leaves and excess production of pigment. - These two effects contradict each other. Bleaching implies loss of color, while excess pigments suggest an increase in color. Thus, this option is incorrect. - **Option B**: Shredding of foliage and increase in transpiration. - Shredding foliage (leaves) would hinder transpiration, which is primarily conducted by leaves. This contradiction makes this option incorrect as well. - **Option C**: White patches on the leaves and curling. - White patches can indicate fungal infections, while curling can be caused by various factors, including environmental stress. However, this option does not directly address the specific effects of photochemical smog. - **Option D**: Degradation of chlorophyll by ozone. - Ozone, a component of photochemical smog, can degrade chlorophyll, which is essential for photosynthesis. The degradation of chlorophyll leads to reduced photosynthetic efficiency, affecting the plant's ability to produce food. 4. **Conclusion**: - Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **Option D: Degradation of chlorophyll by ozone**. This degradation impairs photosynthesis, leading to various negative effects on plant health.
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