Ringing/girding experments demostrate

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution

1. **Understanding the Ringing/Girding Experiment**: The ringing or girding experiment involves removing a ring of bark from a tree or plant. This ring includes the phloem, which is responsible for transporting food (sugars) produced during photosynthesis.

2. **Identifying the Structures**: In a plant, the bark consists of two main layers: the outer bark (which contains phloem) and the inner wood (which contains xylem). The xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

3. **Conducting the Experiment**: When the ring of bark is cut and removed, the phloem is disrupted. This means that the sugars produced in the leaves cannot be transported down to the rest of the plant, leading to a deficiency in nutrients for the parts below the cut.

4. **Observing the Effects**: After some time, the area above the cut may swell due to the accumulation of sugars that cannot be transported down. However, the area below the cut will start to show signs of nutrient deficiency, as it is not receiving the food it needs.

5. **Conclusion**: The experiment demonstrates that phloem is essential for the translocation of food in plants. The xylem, while crucial for transporting water, does not play a role in the transport of food. Therefore, the correct conclusion from the ringing experiment is that phloem is responsible for the translocation of food.