Transamination is a process which involves

Options

A. reaction of ammonia with `alpha`-ketoglutaric acid and forms glutamic acid
B. the transfer of amino group from one amino acid to the keto acid
C. the transfer to amino group from keto glutaric acid to the amino acid
D. synthesis of amino acid

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Transamination**: Transamination is a biochemical process that involves the transfer of an amino group (NH2) from one amino acid to a keto acid. This process is crucial for the synthesis of amino acids and the metabolism of nitrogen.

**Hint**: Remember that transamination specifically involves the movement of amino groups between molecules.

2. **Key Reactants**: In transamination, the primary amino acid donor is often glutamic acid, which donates its amino group. The keto acid that accepts the amino group is typically α-ketoglutaric acid.

**Hint**: Identify glutamic acid as a central player in this process.

3. **Enzymatic Action**: The enzyme responsible for catalyzing transamination reactions is called transaminase (or aminotransferase). This enzyme facilitates the transfer of the amino group from the donor amino acid to the acceptor keto acid.

**Hint**: Focus on the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions; they speed up the process.

4. **Reaction Outcome**: The result of transamination is the formation of a new amino acid and a new keto acid. For example, when glutamic acid donates its amino group to α-ketoglutaric acid, it forms α-ketoglutarate and a new amino acid.

**Hint**: Think about how the structure of the molecules changes during the reaction.

5. **Importance in Metabolism**: Transamination is a vital process in amino acid metabolism, allowing organisms to synthesize non-essential amino acids and regulate nitrogen balance in the body.

**Hint**: Consider the broader implications of transamination in metabolic pathways.

### Summary:
Transamination is a process that involves the transfer of an amino group from one amino acid (often glutamic acid) to a keto acid (like α-ketoglutaric acid), facilitated by the enzyme transaminase, resulting in the formation of new amino acids and keto acids. This process is essential for amino acid metabolism and nitrogen balance.