PS-II supply electrons continuously due to

Options

A. reduction of `CO_(2)`
B. oxidation of `CO_(2)`
C. splitting of `H_(2)O`
D. none of these

Answer

To answer the question "PS-II supply electrons continuously due to," we need to analyze the role of Photosystem II (PS-II) in the process of photosynthesis, specifically in the light-dependent reactions.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Photosystem II (PS-II)**:
- Photosystem II is one of the two photosystems involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. It plays a crucial role in capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy.

2. **Role of Light in PS-II**:
- When light is absorbed by PS-II, it excites electrons, which are then transferred to an electron transport chain. This process is part of non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

3. **Electron Flow**:
- The electrons that are excited and removed from PS-II need to be replenished to maintain continuous electron flow. This is essential for the ongoing production of ATP and NADPH, which are vital for the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).

4. **Source of Replacement Electrons**:
- The electrons lost from PS-II are continuously replaced by electrons derived from the splitting of water molecules (H2O). This process is known as photolysis.

5. **Photolysis of Water**:
- During photolysis, water molecules are split into oxygen, protons, and electrons. The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ 2H_2O \rightarrow 4H^+ + 4e^- + O_2 \]
- The electrons produced from this reaction replace the electrons lost from PS-II, allowing it to continue functioning effectively.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, PS-II supplies electrons continuously due to the splitting of water, which provides the necessary electrons to replace those lost during the light reactions.

### Final Answer:
PS-II supplies electrons continuously due to the splitting of water.

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