During Calvin Cycle pathway ATP and `NADPH_(2)` is utilized for the reduction of

Options

A. RUBP
B. PGA
C. PEP
D. OAA

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Calvin Cycle**: The Calvin Cycle, also known as the C3 cycle, is a crucial part of photosynthesis in higher plants. It consists of three main steps: carbon dioxide fixation, reduction, and regeneration.

2. **Identifying Key Components**: In the Calvin Cycle, we have several important molecules:
- **RUBP**: Ribulose Bisphosphate (5-carbon compound)
- **PGA**: Phosphoglyceric Acid (3-carbon compound)
- **PEP**: Phosphoenolpyruvate
- **OAA**: Oxaloacetic Acid

3. **Process of Carbon Fixation**: The cycle begins with the carboxylation of RUBP, where atmospheric carbon dioxide is added to RUBP. This results in the formation of two molecules of PGA.

4. **Reduction Phase**: In the second step of the Calvin Cycle, the PGA molecules undergo reduction. This is where ATP and NADPH are utilized. ATP provides the energy, and NADPH provides the reducing power needed to convert PGA into triose phosphate.

5. **Formation of Glucose**: The triose phosphate produced can be further processed to form glucose, which is a 6-carbon sugar.

6. **Regeneration of RUBP**: In the final step, the triose phosphate is converted back into RUBP, which requires ATP as well.

7. **Conclusion**: The question asks for the molecule that is reduced during the Calvin Cycle using ATP and NADPH. The answer is **PGA (Phosphoglyceric Acid)**, as it is the molecule that is reduced in the second step of the cycle.

**Final Answer**: The reduction occurs for **PGA (Phosphoglyceric Acid)**.

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