Identify the wrong statement from the following

Options

A. Calvin cycle occurs in all photosynthetic plants
B. RuBisCo is present in both `C_(3)` and `C_(4)` plants
C. Chemismosis requires a membrane, a proton pump, a proton gradient and ATP ase
D. Sucrose and starch synthesis occur in the thylakoid lumen also

Answer

To identify the wrong statement from the given options regarding photosynthesis in higher plants, we will analyze each statement step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement 1: Calvin Cycle occurs in all photosynthetic plants.**
- The Calvin Cycle, also known as the dark reactions, is a crucial part of photosynthesis and occurs in all plants that perform photosynthesis, including C3 and C4 plants.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

2. **Statement 2: Photosynthesis has light reactions.**
- Photosynthesis consists of two main stages: light reactions and dark reactions (Calvin Cycle). Light reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and are essential for converting light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).
- **Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

3. **Statement 3: Light reactions produce ATP and NADPH.**
- During light reactions, sunlight is captured and used to produce ATP and NADPH, which are then utilized in the Calvin Cycle for synthesizing sugars.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

4. **Statement 4: Sucrose and starch synthesis occur in thylakoid lumen.**
- This statement is incorrect. Sucrose and starch synthesis occurs in the chloroplast stroma (matrix), not in the thylakoid lumen. The thylakoid lumen is where light reactions take place, while the synthesis of sugars happens during the dark reactions in the stroma.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is wrong.

### Final Answer:
The wrong statement is **Statement 4: Sucrose and starch synthesis occur in thylakoid lumen.**

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