Plant factors affecting photosynthesis include

Options

A. number,age,size and orientiation of leaves mesophyll cells and chloroplast internal `CO_(2)` conccentratin the amount of chlorophyll
B. nature of leaves size of mesophyll cells and light
C. mesophyll cells distribution and temperature
D. quantity of chlorophyll size of leaves and `CO_(2)`

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Photosynthesis**:
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. This process primarily occurs in the leaves of plants.

2. **Identifying Factors Affecting Photosynthesis**:
- Factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis can be categorized into two groups: internal (plant factors) and external (environmental factors).

3. **Defining Internal Factors**:
- Internal factors, also known as plant factors, are those that depend on the plant's genetic makeup. They include:
- **Mesophyll Cells**: The cells in the leaf where photosynthesis occurs. There are two types: palisade (elongated) and spongy (round).
- **Chloroplast Content**: The amount of chloroplasts in the leaf, which contain chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis.
- **Leaf Characteristics**: This includes the size, orientation, and age of the leaves. Younger leaves tend to have more chlorophyll and thus can perform photosynthesis more effectively.
- **Internal CO2 Concentration**: The concentration of carbon dioxide within the plant, which can vary based on the plant type (e.g., C3 or C4 plants).

4. **Defining External Factors**:
- External factors include environmental conditions such as:
- **Light Intensity**: The amount of light available for photosynthesis.
- **Water Availability**: Water is essential for the photosynthesis process.
- **Carbon Dioxide Levels**: The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere.
- **Temperature**: Affects the rate of photosynthesis but is not a plant factor.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The plant factors affecting photosynthesis include:
- Mesophyll cell structure
- Chloroplast content
- Leaf size and orientation
- Internal CO2 concentration
- Quantity of chlorophyll