Chemiosmotic phypothesis to understand actual mechanism of ATP synthesis in chloroplast was proposed by

Options

A. fredrick losch
B. felix dujardin
C. peter mitchell
D. car landsteriner

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Chemiosmotic Hypothesis**: The chemiosmotic hypothesis explains the mechanism of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. It describes how a proton gradient is created across the thylakoid membrane.

2. **Identifying the Scientist**: The chemiosmotic hypothesis was proposed by Peter Mitchell. He is recognized for his work in understanding how ATP is synthesized in chloroplasts and mitochondria.

3. **Mechanism of ATP Synthesis**:
- **Proton Gradient Formation**: During photosynthesis, water molecules are split (photolysis), leading to the release of protons (H⁺ ions) into the thylakoid lumen.
- **Electron Transport Chain**: As electrons move through the photosystems (Photosystem II and Photosystem I), they help in the transport of protons across the thylakoid membrane, creating a proton gradient.
- **ATP Synthesis**: The ATP synthase enzyme (ATPase) allows protons to flow back into the stroma from the thylakoid lumen, and this flow drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

4. **Conclusion**: The chemiosmotic hypothesis, which describes the mechanism of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts, was proposed by Peter Mitchell.

**Final Answer**: Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis to explain the mechanism of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts.

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