How many ATP are produced in HMP pathway?

Options

A. 36
B. 35
C. 30
D. 38

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understand the HMP Pathway**: The Hexose Monophosphate (HMP) pathway, also known as the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis. It is primarily involved in the production of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate.

2. **Identify the Products of the HMP Pathway**: The primary product of the HMP pathway is NADPH, which is essential for anabolic reactions. In one cycle of the HMP pathway, 12 molecules of NADPH are produced.

3. **Relate NADPH to ATP**: It is important to know the conversion factor between NADPH and ATP. In cellular metabolism, 1 molecule of NADPH is equivalent to 3 molecules of ATP in terms of energy.

4. **Calculate Total ATP from NADPH**: Since 12 NADPH are produced in one cycle of the HMP pathway, we can calculate the total ATP produced by multiplying the number of NADPH by the ATP equivalent:
\[ \text{Total ATP} = \text{Number of NADPH} \times \text{ATP equivalent per NADPH} \]
\[ \text{Total ATP} = 12 \times 3 = 36 \]

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the total number of ATP produced in the HMP pathway is 36.

**Final Answer**: 36 ATP

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