The rupturing of hard seed coat is known as

Options

A. stratification
B. scarification
C. maturation
D. germination

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process involved in the rupturing of a hard seed coat, which is crucial for seed germination.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "rupturing," "hard seed coat," and "germination." Understanding these terms is essential to answer the question correctly.

3. **Exploring the Options**: The options given are:
- Stratification
- Scarification
- Maturation
- Germination

4. **Defining Each Term**:
- **Stratification**: This is a process where seeds are subjected to a period of cold and warm temperatures to break dormancy and promote germination.
- **Scarification**: This refers to the process of breaking or softening the hard seed coat to facilitate germination. It can involve physical, chemical, or mechanical means.
- **Maturation**: This is the stage where the seed develops fully, and the embryo forms within the seed.
- **Germination**: This is the process where the seed begins to sprout and grow into a new plant.

5. **Analyzing the Relevant Process**: Since the question specifically refers to the "rupturing of the hard seed coat," we need to focus on the option that directly relates to breaking the seed coat.

6. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **scarification**, as it specifically involves the process of rupturing or breaking the hard seed coat to allow for germination.

**Final Answer**: The rupturing of the hard seed coat is known as **scarification**.

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