What is meant by stratification ?

Options

A. A process by which dormancy of seeds of Fabaceae can be broken
B. Subjecting biennial to cold treatment so that it flowers like an annual
C. The process of layering seeds in moist sand during winter to break dormancy
D. Making the seeds to overcome quiescence

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Stratification**: Stratification refers to a specific process used to break the dormancy of seeds, particularly in certain plant families like Fabaceae. It involves exposing seeds to a period of cold and moist conditions.

2. **Purpose of Stratification**: The primary purpose of stratification is to mimic natural winter conditions, which helps seeds to germinate when the environmental conditions become favorable in spring.

3. **Process of Stratification**: In stratification, seeds are typically layered in moist sand or other suitable mediums and kept in a cold environment (like a refrigerator or outside during winter) for a specific duration. This treatment helps to soften the seed coat and activate the necessary physiological processes for germination.

4. **Comparison with Other Processes**: It is important to differentiate stratification from other processes like vernalization, which is specifically the cold treatment of biennial plants to induce flowering, rather than seed germination.

5. **Conclusion**: Stratification is a crucial technique in horticulture and agriculture for ensuring successful seed germination, especially for species that require specific environmental cues to break dormancy.

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