Select the incorrect statement/s :
(A) Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem are responsible for the secondary growth of the plants (B) Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem contribute to increasing girth of the plant organs (C) In dicotyledonous plants and gymnosperms the lateral meristems, vascular cambium and cork cambium contribute to the elongation of the plant organs in which they are active (D) The development is the sum of growth and differentiation

Options

A. A and B only
B. A only
C. A, B and C only
D. none of these

Answer

To determine which statements are incorrect, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-step Solution:

1. **Analyze Statement A**:
- **Statement**: "Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem are responsible for the secondary growth of the plants."
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. The root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem are primarily responsible for primary growth, which leads to the elongation of the plant. Secondary growth is mainly due to lateral meristems like the vascular cambium and cork cambium.

**Hint**: Recall the difference between primary and secondary growth in plants.

2. **Analyze Statement B**:
- **Statement**: "Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem contribute to increasing girth of the plant organs."
- **Analysis**: This statement is also incorrect. The root apical and shoot apical meristems contribute to the lengthening (not girth) of the plant organs. The increase in girth is due to secondary growth from lateral meristems.

**Hint**: Think about what types of growth each type of meristem is responsible for.

3. **Analyze Statement C**:
- **Statement**: "In dicotyledonous plants and gymnosperms, the lateral meristems, vascular cambium, and cork cambium contribute to the elongation of the plant organs in which they are active."
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. While vascular cambium and cork cambium are lateral meristems, they primarily contribute to secondary growth, which increases the girth of the plant, not elongation.

**Hint**: Consider the role of lateral meristems in plant growth.

4. **Analyze Statement D**:
- **Statement**: "The development is the sum of growth and differentiation."
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Development in plants involves both growth (increase in size) and differentiation (the process by which cells become specialized).

**Hint**: Reflect on the definitions of growth and differentiation in the context of plant development.

### Conclusion:
- The incorrect statements are **A, B, and C**. Therefore, the correct answer is that statements A, B, and C are incorrect.

### Final Answer:
**Incorrect statements**: A, B, and C.