One of the following is root of any breeding programme

Options

A. Hybridisation
B. Selection
C. Mutation
D. Genetic variability

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the root of any breeding program. This implies identifying the foundational step that is essential for the success of the entire breeding process.

2. **Identifying Key Concepts**: In plant breeding, several key concepts are involved, including hybridization, selection, mutation, and genetic variability. Each of these plays a role in the breeding process, but one is foundational.

3. **Defining Germplasm Collection**: The first and most crucial step in any breeding program is germplasm collection. This step involves gathering a diverse range of genetic material, including different varieties of plants, both wild and cultivated.

4. **Importance of Genetic Variability**: Germplasm collection is vital because it ensures the availability of genetic variability. This variability is necessary for selecting traits that may improve yield, disease resistance, and other desirable characteristics in plants.

5. **Role of IBPGR**: The International Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) plays a significant role in the collection and preservation of this genetic material. They help maintain a repository of genetic diversity which is crucial for breeding programs.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the root of any breeding program is the collection of genetic variability through germplasm collection. This step lays the foundation for all subsequent steps in the breeding process, such as selection and hybridization.

### Final Answer:
The root of any breeding program is **genetic variability**, which is established through **germplasm collection**.

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