High yield of vitamin `B_(12)` (Cyanocobalamin) is obtained from.

Options

A. Propionibacterium freudenreichii
B. P.Sharmani
C. Peseudomonas denitrificans
D. All of the above

Answer

To answer the question about where high yields of vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) are obtained from, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Vitamin B12**:
- Vitamin B12, also known as Cyanocobalamin, is a crucial vitamin for human health. It plays a significant role in DNA synthesis and cellular energy production.

2. **Sources of Vitamin B12**:
- Vitamin B12 can be obtained from various sources, including food and microorganisms.

3. **Microorganisms as Sources**:
- Microorganisms, particularly certain bacteria, are known to produce vitamin B12. This production can be harnessed for high yields of the vitamin.

4. **Identifying Specific Bacteria**:
- The bacteria known for producing vitamin B12 include:
- **Propionibacterium freudenreichii**: A gram-positive bacterium that is used in the production of vitamin B12.
- **Propionibacterium shermanii**: Another gram-positive bacterium that also produces vitamin B12.
- **Pseudomonas denitrificans**: A gram-negative bacterium that is also utilized for the manufacture of vitamin B12.

5. **Conclusion**:
- All the mentioned bacteria (Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Propionibacterium shermanii, and Pseudomonas denitrificans) are capable of producing high yields of vitamin B12. Therefore, the correct answer is that high yields of vitamin B12 can be obtained from these microorganisms.

### Final Answer:
High yield of vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is obtained from bacteria such as Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Propionibacterium shermanii, and Pseudomonas denitrificans.

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