Which industrial products are sysnthesized from microbes ?
I . Antibiotics
II . Fermented beverages
III . Enzymes and chemicals .
IV. Bioactive compounds .

Options

A. I, III, IV
B. I, II, III, IV
C. I, III
D. I,II, III

Answer

To answer the question "Which industrial products are synthesized from microbes?", we can analyze each option provided:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Antibiotics**:
- Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms that can kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
- The first antibiotic discovered was Penicillin, which is produced by the fungus *Penicillium notatum*.
- **Conclusion**: Antibiotics are synthesized from microbes. (Correct)

2. **Fermented Beverages**:
- Fermented beverages such as wine and beer are produced through the process of fermentation.
- Yeast, a type of microorganism, is responsible for converting sugars (like glucose) into ethanol and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions (absence of oxygen).
- This process is essential for the production of alcoholic beverages.
- **Conclusion**: Fermented beverages are synthesized from microbes. (Correct)

3. **Enzymes and Chemicals**:
- Enzymes are biological catalysts produced by living organisms, including microorganisms.
- For example, amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch and is synthesized by various microorganisms, notably the fungus *Aspergillus niger*.
- **Conclusion**: Enzymes and chemicals are synthesized from microbes. (Correct)

4. **Bioactive Compounds**:
- Bioactive compounds include organic acids and amino acids, which are also synthesized by microorganisms.
- An example is cyclosporine A, an antifungal compound produced by certain fungi.
- **Conclusion**: Bioactive compounds are synthesized from microbes. (Correct)

### Final Answer:
All four options (I. Antibiotics, II. Fermented beverages, III. Enzymes and chemicals, IV. Bioactive compounds) are synthesized from microbes.