Gel electrophoresis, a technique used to separate DNA fragments after the function of restriction endonuclease. Sundeep take the help of his friend Sushi by asking question , how can we see DNA fragments after their separation ?
The answer is

Options

A. The separated DNA fragments are visualized after staining the DNA with Ethidium Bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation .
B. The separated DNA fargments are visulaized after staining DNA with calcium bromide followed by exposure to `gamma ` -rays
C. The separated DNA fragments are visualized after staining the DNA with calcium bromide followed by exposure to x - rays .
D. The separated DNA fragmetns are visualized after staining DNA with EtBr followed by exposure to `alpha` - rays .

Answer

To visualize DNA fragments after their separation using gel electrophoresis, follow these steps:

1. **Perform Gel Electrophoresis**: First, you need to separate the DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis. This involves loading the DNA samples into a gel matrix (usually agarose) and applying an electric current, which causes the negatively charged DNA fragments to migrate towards the positive electrode.

2. **Staining the Gel**: After the electrophoresis is complete, the gel containing the separated DNA fragments needs to be stained. The most common stain used is ethidium bromide. This dye intercalates between the bases of the DNA, allowing the fragments to be visualized.

3. **Exposure to UV Light**: Once the gel is stained with ethidium bromide, it is placed under ultraviolet (UV) light. Ethidium bromide fluoresces orange when exposed to UV light, making the DNA bands visible.

4. **Observation of DNA Bands**: You can now observe the orange bands representing the separated DNA fragments. These bands can be photographed or documented for further analysis.