`underset("Amino acids")overset("Glucose")("Galactose")overset(A)tounderset("Cell of villus")("Epithelial")overset(B)tounderset("of villus")("Blood capillary")`
A and B respectively are

Options

A. Active transport and facilitated diffusion (transport)
B. Facilitated diffusion (transport) and Active transport
C. Simple diffusion and simple diffusion
D. Simple diffusion and Active transpot

Answer

To solve the question regarding the processes A and B for the transport of glucose, galactose, and amino acids from the lumen of the small intestine to the epithelial cells of the villus and then to the blood capillaries, we can break it down into the following steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Transport Mechanisms**:
- Glucose, galactose, and amino acids are absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the epithelial cells of the villus.
- The transport of these molecules involves specific mechanisms that can be classified as either facilitated diffusion or active transport.

2. **Transport to Epithelial Cells (Process A)**:
- Glucose and galactose are absorbed into the epithelial cells of the villus via a sodium-glucose co-transporter. This process utilizes the sodium gradient established by the sodium-potassium ATPase pump.
- This type of transport does not require direct energy input from ATP; instead, it relies on the sodium gradient, which is maintained by active transport. Therefore, the transport of glucose and galactose into the epithelial cells is classified as **facilitated diffusion**.

3. **Transport to Blood Capillaries (Process B)**:
- Once inside the epithelial cells, glucose, galactose, and amino acids are then transported into the blood capillaries.
- This process involves a different transporter known as GLUT (glucose transporter) for glucose and galactose, and a specific transporter for amino acids.
- This transport requires energy because it moves substances against their concentration gradient, hence it is classified as **active transport**.

4. **Final Answer**:
- Therefore, the processes A and B are:
- A: Facilitated diffusion (for the transport of glucose, galactose, and amino acids into epithelial cells)
- B: Active transport (for the transport of these molecules into the blood capillaries)

### Conclusion:
The correct answers for A and B are:
- A: Facilitated diffusion
- B: Active transport