Read the following statements and choose the correct option
Statement 1 : Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles.
Statement 2 : Action potential generated at sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles.

Options

A. Action mentioned in Statement 1 is dependent on action mentioned Statement 2
B. Action mentioned in Statement 2 is dependent
C. Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are independent of each other.
D. Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are synchronous.

Answer

To determine the correct option based on the provided statements, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement 1
**Statement 1**: "Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles."

- The atria are the upper chambers of the heart. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.
- The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
- After the atria fill with blood, they contract and push the blood into the ventricles.

**Conclusion**: Statement 1 is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement 2
**Statement 2**: "Action potential generated at sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles."

- The sino-atrial (SA) node, located in the right atrium, is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart. It generates electrical impulses (action potentials) that initiate the heartbeat.
- These impulses spread through the atria, causing them to contract and push blood into the ventricles.
- After the atria contract, the impulse travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node, and then down the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers to the ventricles, causing them to contract.

**Conclusion**: Statement 2 is also correct.

### Step 3: Evaluate the Options
Now that we have determined both statements are correct, we need to evaluate the options provided:

1. **Option 1**: "Action mentioned in statement 1 is dependent on the action mentioned in statement 2."
- This is incorrect because the atrial filling and the action potential generation are independent processes.

2. **Option 2**: "Action mentioned in statement 2 is dependent."
- This is also incorrect for the same reason; the generation of action potential does not depend on the blood flow into the ventricles.

3. **Option 3**: "Action mentioned in statement 1 and 2 are independent of each other."
- This is correct. The two statements describe different aspects of heart function that do not depend on each other.

4. **Option 4**: "Action mentioned in statement 1 and 2 are synchronous."
- This is incorrect because while they occur in a coordinated manner, they are not synchronous in the sense that one does not depend on the other.

### Final Conclusion
The correct answer is **Option 3**: "Action mentioned in statement 1 and 2 are independent of each other."

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