Which of the following involved in regulation of glomerular filtrate rate in kidney

Options

A. JGA
B. Myogenic
C. 1 and 2
D. None

Answer

To solve the question regarding which factors are involved in the regulation of glomerular filtrate rate in the kidney, we can break down the information as follows:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Glomerular Filtrate Rate (GFR)**:
- GFR is the rate at which blood is filtered in the glomeruli of the kidneys. It is a crucial parameter for kidney function and is influenced by various physiological mechanisms.

2. **Identifying Key Components**:
- The regulation of GFR involves several components, including the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), myogenic response, and autoregulation mechanisms.

3. **Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)**:
- The JGA consists of specialized cells located near the glomerulus, including the afferent and efferent arterioles and the macula densa cells.
- It plays a central role in regulating glomerular hemodynamics by adjusting the diameter of the afferent and efferent arterioles based on blood pressure and sodium concentration.

4. **Myogenic Response**:
- This is an intrinsic response of the smooth muscle in the walls of the afferent arterioles. When blood pressure increases, the smooth muscle contracts, reducing blood flow into the glomerulus, thus stabilizing GFR.

5. **Autoregulation Mechanisms**:
- The kidneys have the ability to maintain a relatively constant renal blood flow and GFR despite changes in systemic blood pressure. This is achieved through both the myogenic response and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.

6. **Evaluating the Options**:
- Based on the above components:
- **Option 1 (JGA)**: Correct, as it is involved in regulating GFR.
- **Option 2 (Myogenic response)**: Correct, as it helps maintain GFR.
- **Option 3 (Autoregulation mechanisms)**: Correct, as it ensures constant renal blood flow.
- **Option 4 (None)**: Incorrect, as the previous options are indeed involved in GFR regulation.

7. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answers are options 1, 2, and 3, which are all involved in the regulation of glomerular filtrate rate in the kidney.

### Final Answer:
The components involved in the regulation of glomerular filtrate rate in the kidney are:
- Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)
- Myogenic response
- Autoregulation mechanisms