To solve the question regarding the characterization of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems, we will analyze each statement provided and categorize them accordingly.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Identify the Characteristics**:
- We have eight characteristics listed, and we need to determine which belong to the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) and which belong to the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS).
2. **Analyze Each Characteristic**:
- **I. Thoracolumbar outflow**: This is a characteristic of the Sympathetic Nervous System. It indicates that the sympathetic fibers originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
- **II. Ganglia in the form of trunk near the spinal cord**: This also belongs to the Sympathetic Nervous System, where ganglia are organized in a chain (sympathetic trunk) close to the spinal cord.
- **III. Craniosacral outflow**: This is a characteristic of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, indicating that the fibers originate from the cranial and sacral regions.
- **IV. Preganglionic fibers are short while postganglionic fibers are long**: This is true for the Sympathetic Nervous System.
- **V. Ganglia lie near the effector organs**: This is a characteristic of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, where ganglia are located close to the target organs.
- **VI. Preganglionic fibers are long while postganglionic fibers are short**: This is characteristic of the Parasympathetic Nervous System.
- **VII. Postganglionic fibers are adrenergic**: This is true for the Sympathetic Nervous System, as most postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine.
- **VIII. Both pre and post ganglionic fibers are cholinergic**: This is characteristic of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, where both types of fibers release acetylcholine.
3. **Categorize the Characteristics**:
- **Sympathetic Nervous System**: I, II, IV, VII
- **Parasympathetic Nervous System**: III, V, VI, VIII
4. **Select the Correct Option**:
- The correct option that includes all the characteristics of the Sympathetic Nervous System is **Option 1**: 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 7th.
- The characteristics of the Parasympathetic Nervous System are correctly represented in the remaining options.
### Final Answer:
The correct characterization of the Sympathetic Nervous System is represented by options I, II, IV, and VII.
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