What is correct about amniocentesis ?

Options

A. Intrauterine diagnosis
B. Withdrawal of allatoic fluid from pregnant women
C. Chemical analysis of fluids of pregnant women
D. Culturing amniotic cells and study of metaphasic chromosomes to identify chromosomal abnormality.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Understanding Amniocentesis**: Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used during pregnancy to obtain amniotic fluid, which surrounds the fetus. This fluid contains fetal cells and can provide important information about the fetus's health.

2. **Purpose of Amniocentesis**: The primary purpose of amniocentesis is to diagnose potential genetic disorders or infections in the fetus. By analyzing the amniotic fluid, healthcare providers can assess the genetic health of the fetus.

3. **Components of Amniotic Fluid**: The amniotic fluid contains fetal cells, which are crucial for genetic analysis. These cells can be cultured and examined for chromosomal abnormalities.

4. **Metaphase Analysis**: During the procedure, fetal cells are often analyzed during the metaphase stage of cell division. At this stage, chromosomes are condensed and clearly visible, making it easier to identify any abnormalities in chromosome number or structure.

5. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option A**: Intrauterine Diagnosis - This is a general term that could apply to amniocentesis, but it does not specifically describe the procedure.
- **Option B**: Withdrawal of Allantoic Fluid from Pregnant Women - This is incorrect as amniocentesis involves amniotic fluid, not allantoic fluid.
- **Option C**: Chemical Analysis of Fluid of Pregnant Women - While chemical analysis may be part of the procedure, it does not encompass the primary purpose of identifying chromosomal abnormalities.
- **Option D**: Culturing Amniotic Cells and Study of Metaphase Chromosome to Identify Chromosomal Abnormality - This is the most accurate description of amniocentesis.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct statement about amniocentesis is option D.

### Final Answer: D. Culturing Amniotic Cells and Study of Metaphysic Chromosome to Identify Chromosomal Abnormality.

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