(i) What is an ionic bond?
(ii) Explain about the formation of ionic bond with a suitable example.

Explanation

(i) The complete transter oI electrons leads to the formation of a cation and an anion. Both these ions are held together by electrostatie attractive forces which is known as ioniç bond.
(ii) KC1: Potassium chloride
Electronic contiguration of `K = [Ar] 4s`
Electronic contiguration of `Cl = [Ne] 3s^(2)" "3p^(5)`
(iii) Potassium has 1 electron in its valence shell and chlorine has 7 electrons in its valence shell.
(iv) By losing one electron potassium attains the nearest inert gas configuralion ot Argon and becomes a unipositive cation `(K^(+))` and chlorine accepts this electron to become uninegative Chioride ion `(Cl^(-))` to attain the stable configuration of nearest noble gas, Argon.
(v) ese two ions combine to form an ionic crystal in which they are held together by electrostatic attractive forces.
(vi) ring the formation of one mole of potassium chloride crystal from its consTuent ions 16 KJ of energy is released. This favours the formation of KCI and its stabilisation.