Which of the following is not associated with HGP-

Options

A. Bioniformatics
B. Cloning vectors BAC & YAC
C. Automated DNA sequencers
D. VNTR

Answer

To determine which of the following options is not associated with the Human Genome Project (HGP), we will analyze each option provided:

1. **Bioinformatics**:
- Bioinformatics is a crucial field that combines biology, computer science, and information technology. It was essential for the HGP as it helped in storing, analyzing, and retrieving biological data. Therefore, bioinformatics is associated with the HGP.

2. **Cloning Vectors (BAC and YAC)**:
- BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) and YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome) are tools used to clone large segments of DNA. These vectors were instrumental in the HGP for cloning and analyzing human DNA. Thus, this option is also associated with the HGP.

3. **Automated DNA Sequencing**:
- Automated DNA sequencing technology was developed and utilized extensively during the HGP to sequence the human genome efficiently. This technology allowed researchers to quickly and accurately determine the order of nucleotides in DNA. Hence, this option is associated with the HGP.

4. **VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeats)**:
- VNTR refers to a location in the genome where a short nucleotide sequence is organized as a tandem repeat. While VNTRs are important in genetic studies and DNA fingerprinting, they were not a primary focus or a tool used in the Human Genome Project itself.

Based on the analysis of each option, the correct answer to the question "Which of the following is not associated with HGP?" is:

**Option 4: VNTR**