What is DNA fingerprinting

Options

A. Techniques used for indentification of fingerprints of individuals
B. molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples
C. Anylsis of DNA samles using imprinting devices
D. Techinques used for molecular analysis of different specimens of DNA

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of DNA Fingerprinting**: DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles. It is often used in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research.

2. **Molecular Analysis**: The process involves molecular analysis of DNA samples. This means examining the DNA at a molecular level to identify specific patterns or sequences that are unique to an individual.

3. **Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs)**: DNA fingerprinting primarily focuses on regions of DNA known as Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs). These are short sequences of DNA that are repeated a variable number of times in the genome. The number of repeats can vary significantly among individuals, making them useful for identification.

4. **Inheritance of VNTRs**: VNTRs are inherited from one generation to the next, which means that family members will share some VNTR patterns. This property is utilized in paternity testing and familial relationship analysis.

5. **Applications**: DNA fingerprinting has various applications, including criminal investigations (to match suspects with biological evidence), paternity testing (to establish familial relationships), and biodiversity studies (to assess genetic diversity in populations).

6. **Conclusion**: In summary, DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool for identifying individuals based on their unique DNA profiles, focusing on specific repeating sequences that are inherited and vary among individuals.

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