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(A) The archaeological studies are based...

(A) The archaeological studies are based on the radioactive decay of carbon-14 isotope.
(R ) The ratio of C-14 to C-12 in the animals of plants is the same as that in the atmosphere.

A

If both (A) and (R ) are correct and (R ) is the correct explanation for (A).

B

If both (A) and (R ) are correct but (R ) is not the correct explanation for (A )

C

If both (A) and (R ) are incorrect.

D

If both (A) and (R ) are incorrect.

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
A
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Several short-lived radioactive species have been used to determine the age of wood or animal fossils. One of the most intresting substance is ""_(6)C""^(14) (half-life fossils, etc.). Carbon-14 is produced by the bombardment of nitrogen atoms present in the upper atmosphere with neutrons (from cosmic rays). ""_(7)N""^(14)+""_(0)n""^(1)to""_(6)C""^(14)+""_(1)H""_(1) Thus carbon-14 is oxidised, to CO""_(2) and eventually lingested by land animals. The death of plants or animals put an end to the intake of C""_(14) from the atmosphere. After this the amount of C""_(14) in the dead tissues starts decreasing due to its disintegration as per the following reaction : ""_(6)C""^(14)to""_(7)N""^(14)+""_(-1)beta""^(0) The C""^(14) isotope enters the biosphjere when carbon dioxide is taken up in plant photosynthesis. Plants are eaten by animals, which exhale C""^(14) as CO""_(2) . Eventually, C""^(14) participates in many aspects of carbon cycle. The C""^(14) lost by radioactive decay-replenishment process, a dynamic rquillibrium is established whereby the ratio of C""^(14) to C""^(12) remains constant in living matter. But when an individual plant or an animal dies, the C""^(14) isotpe inn it is no longer replenished, so the ratio decreases as C""^(14) decays. So, ther number C""^(14) nuclei after time t (after the death of living matter) would be less than in a livingthe following formula, t""_(1//2)=0.693 /? The intensity of the cosmic rays have remain the same for 30,000 years. But since some years changes in this are observed due to excessive burning of fossil fuel and nuclear test? Why do we use the carbon dating to calculate the age of the fossil?

OP TANDON-RADIOACTIVITY AND NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATION -Assettion Reason
  1. Assertion (A) : The average life of a radioactive element is infinity ...

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  2. Assertion (A) : Hydrogen bomb is more powerful than atomic bomb. Rea...

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  3. (A) The archaeological studies are based on the radioactive decay of c...

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  4. (A) The reactions taking place in the sun are nuclear fusion reactions...

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  5. Assertion : In a radioactive disintegration, an electron is emitted by...

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  6. Assertion (A) : In radioactive disintegrations, .(2)He^(4) nuclei can ...

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  7. (A) Protons are better projectiles than neutrons. (R ) The neutrons ...

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  8. (A) Enrichement of U^(235) from a mixture containing more abundant U^(...

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  9. The nucleus emits beta-particles though it does't contain any electron...

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  10. (A) Any kind of exchange force helps the nucleus to be more destabilis...

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  11. Statement: Nuclide .(13)^(30)Al is less stable than .(20)^(40) Ca E...

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  12. (A) During beta-decay, a new element with atomic number greater than o...

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  13. (A) The position of an element an element in periodic in table after e...

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  14. (A) Nuclear isomers have same atomic number and same mass number but w...

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  15. Assertion (A): The emission of alpha- particles results in the format...

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  16. Assertion (A): .(92)U^(238) (IIIB)overset(-alpha)rarrAoverset(-alpha)r...

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  17. Assertion (A) : beta- particles are deflected more than alpha- particl...

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  18. (A) The nucleus of gold is stable even though there is a very strong c...

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  19. Assertion (A) : K- shell electron capture is detected by analyzing the...

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  20. Assertion (A) : Half life of a radioactive isotope is the time require...

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