Explain the following terms with one example in each case :
(i) Food preservatives
(ii) Enzymes
(iii) Detergents

Explanation

(i) Food preservatives : Food preservatives are the substances used to prevent spoilage of food due to microbial growth during storage. The most common preservatives used are table salt, sugar, vegetable oils and sodium benzoate `(C_(6)H_(5)COONa)`
(ii) Enzymes : The proteins which perform the role of biological catalysts in the body are called enzymes. Example : E. coli.
(iii) Detergents : Detergents may be defined as ammonium, sulphate or hydrogen sulphate salts of long chain hydrocarbons containing 12-18 carbon atoms.
Example : The more common detergents are the sodium salts of long chain sulphonic acids.