Give a suitable example for each, explain the following :
(i) Crystal field splitting . (ii) Linkage isomerism.
(iii) Ambident ligand.

Explanation

(i) Crystal field splitting : In a free transition metal ion , all the five d- orbitals are degenerate , but when it is involved in a complex formation , the degeneracy is split. This is called crystal field splitting.
(ii) Linkage isomerism : Lonkage isomersim arises in a coordination compound containing ambidentate ligand. A simple example is provided by complexes containing the thiocyanate ligand , `NCS^(-)` , which may bind through the nitrogen to give M- NCS.
(iii) Ambidentate ligand : Unidentate ligands containing more than one coordinating atoms are called ambidentate ligands . For example, `NO_(2)^(-),CN^(-),SCN^(-)` are all ambidentate ligands.