(a) How will you bring about the following conversions :
(i) Ethanol to 3- hydroxybutanal
(ii) Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone
(b) An organic compound A has the molecular formula `C_(8)H_(16)O_(2)`. It gets hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid and gives a carboxylic acid B and an alcohol C. Oxidation of C with chromic acid also produced B . C on dehydration reaction gives but - l - ene . write equations for the reactions involved.

Explanation

(a) (i) Ethanol to 3- hydroxybutanal
`underset("Ethanal 2molecules")(CH_(3)CHO+H-CH_(2)-CHO)overset("Dil NaOH")underset(("Aldol condensation"))tounderset("3- hydroxybutanal")(CH_(3)-overset(OH)overset(|)CH-CH_(2)-CHO)`
(ii) `underset("Benzaldehyde")(C_(6)H_(5)CHO)overset(K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7))underset(H_(2)SO_(4))toC_(6)H_(5)COOHoverset(CaCO_(3))tounderset(("Calcium Benzoate"))((C_(6)H_(5)COO)_(2)Ca)overset("Dry")underset("distill")toC_(6)H_(5)CO-C_(6)H_(6)`
(b) `underset(A(C_(8)H_(16)O_(2)))underset(("Butyl butanoate"))(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)overset(O)overset(||)COCH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(3))overset("dil" H_(2)SO_(4))tounderset((B))underset(("Butanoic acid"))(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)COOH)+underset((C ))underset("Butan -1-al")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)OH)`