Assertion: Free electrons can move freely everywhere inside metallic volume and free electrons reaching near the surface escape from the metal and new electrons from surrounding enter inside the metal to compensate for these lost electrons.
Reason: In natural state, matter is electrically neutral, hence the number of protons in nucleus is always equal to the number of electrons revolving around the nucleus.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are correct and reason is a correct explanation of the assertion .
B. If both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
C. If assertion is correct but reason is incorrect
D. If assertion is incorrect but reason is correct.

Answer

To solve the problem, we need to analyze the assertion and the reason provided in the question.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that free electrons can move freely inside a metallic volume and that free electrons reaching the surface can escape from the metal, with new electrons entering from the surroundings to compensate for the lost electrons.

**Hint:** Consider the behavior of free electrons in conductors and whether they can escape and be replaced.

### Step 2: Evaluate the Assertion
In a metallic conductor, free electrons do indeed move freely throughout the material. However, the assertion claims that when these electrons reach the surface, they can escape and be replaced by new electrons from the surroundings. This is not typically how electron behavior works in metals. When electrons leave the surface, it creates a net positive charge in the metal, which would not be compensated by incoming electrons from the surroundings in a neutral state.

**Hint:** Think about charge neutrality and the implications of electrons leaving a conductor.

### Step 3: Understand the Reason
The reason states that in a natural state, matter is electrically neutral, meaning the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus.

**Hint:** Reflect on the concept of charge neutrality and how it applies to atoms and materials.

### Step 4: Evaluate the Reason
The reason is correct. For a material to be electrically neutral, the number of protons must equal the number of electrons. If electrons were to escape from the metal, the balance would be disrupted, leading to a net positive charge.

**Hint:** Consider how the loss of electrons affects the overall charge of the material.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Since the assertion is incorrect (free electrons cannot escape and be replaced in the manner described), while the reason is correct (matter is electrically neutral), we conclude that:

- The assertion is incorrect.
- The reason is correct.

Thus, the final answer is that the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

### Final Answer:
Assertion: Incorrect
Reason: Correct