Explain what is meant by quantization of electric charge and conservation of electric charge.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**Step 1: Understanding Quantization of Electric Charge**
- The concept of quantization of electric charge refers to the idea that electric charge exists in discrete amounts rather than in a continuous range. This means that any charge \( Q \) on an object can be expressed as an integer multiple of a fundamental unit of charge, known as the elementary charge \( e \).

**Step 2: Mathematical Representation**
- The mathematical representation of quantization can be expressed as:
\[
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