Define current gain `alpha` and `beta` for a transistor. How are they mutually related ?

Explanation

To define the current gain `alpha` and `beta` for a transistor and explain their mutual relationship, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Define Current Gain Alpha (α)
Current gain alpha (α) is defined as the ratio of the collector current (I_C) to the emitter current (I_E) in a transistor, while keeping the collector voltage constant. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
\[ \alpha = \frac{I_C}{I_E} \]

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