What is modulation and demodulation ?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Modulation:**
- Modulation is the process of altering a carrier wave to encode information. In communication systems, the information (like speech) is typically in the form of low-frequency signals. These low-frequency signals cannot travel long distances effectively on their own.
- To overcome this limitation, these low-frequency signals are superimposed on a higher frequency wave, known as the carrier wave. This allows the signal to be transmitted over long distances without significant loss.

2. **Definition of Modulation:**
- The process of superimposing low-frequency signals onto high-frequency carrier waves to enable long-distance transmission is called modulation.
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