Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?

Explanation

The basic methods of flood control have been practised since ancient times. These methods include reforestation and the construction of leavees, dams, reservoirs and floodways (artificial channels that divert flood water). Soil erosion is controlled by mulching (bare soil between growing plants is covered with a layer of organic matter such as straw, grasses, leaves, husks etc), cover crops and green manures, mixed cropping (growing a variety of crops), early planting (the period at beginning of the rainy season when the soil is prepared for planting), crop residues (after harvest leave the stalks, stems and leaves of the crop), agroforestry (planting trees among the agricultural crops), minimum cultivation etc. can reduce soil erosion.