Discuss the experiment to determine the wavelenght of monochromatic light using diffraction grating.
Experiment to determine the wavelenght of monochromatic light:

Explanation

The wavelenght of a spectral line can be very accurately determined with the help of a diffraction grating and a spectrometer. Intially all the preliminary adjustments of the spetrometer are made. The slit of colimator is illuminated by a monochromatic light, whose wavelenght is to be determined. The telescope is brought in line with collimator to view the image of the slit. The given plane transmission grating is then mounted on the prism table with its plane perpendicular to the incident beam of light coming from the collimator. The telescope is turned to one side untill the first order diffraction image of the slit coincides with the vertical cross wire of the eye piece. The reading of the postion of the telescope is noted. Similarly the first order diffraction image on the other side is made to coincide with the vertical cross wire and corresponding reading is noted. The difference between two positions gives `2theta`. Half of its value gives `theta`, the diffraction angle for first order maximum. The wavelenght of light is calculated from the equation,
`lambda = (sin theta)/(Nm)`
Here, N is the number of rulings per metre in the grating and m is the order of the diffracion image,