Explain the structure of `T_4` bacteriophage with the labelled diagram.

Explanation

The `T_4` phage is tadpole shaped and consist of head, coller, tail, base plate and fibre figure. The head is hexagonal which consists of about two thousand identical protein subunits. The long helical tail consists of an inner tubelar core which is connected to the head by a collar. There is a base plate attached to the end of tale. The base plate contains spikes and tale fibres. These fibres are used to attach the phage on the cell wall of bacterial host during replication. A dsDNA molecule of about `50mu m`is tightly packed inside the head. The DNA is about 1000 times longer than the phage itself.