Explain the conditions which creates problems inoxygen transport.

Explanation

When a person travels quickly from sea level to elevations above 8000 ft, where the atmospheric pressure and partial pressure of oxygen are lowered , the individual responds with symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS) - headache , shortness of breath , nausea and dizziness due to poor binding of `O_2` with haemoglobin . When the person moves on a long- term basis to mountains from sea level his body begins to make respiratory and haematopoietic adjustments . To overcome this situation kidneys accelerate production of the hormone erythropoietin , which stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs .
When a person descends deep into the sea , the pressure in the surrounding water increases which causes the lungs to decrease in volume . This decrease in volume increases the partial pressure of the gases with the lungs . This effect can be beneficial , because it tends to drive additional oxygen into the circulation , but this benefit also has a risk , the increased pressure can also drive nitrogen gas into the circulation . This increase in blood nitrogen content can lead to a condition called 'bends' or decomposition sickness occurs and nitrogen comes out of solution while still in the blood forming bubbles . Small bubbles in the blood are not harmful , but large bubbles can lodge in small capillaries , blocking blood flow or can press or nerve endings . Decompression sickness is associated with pain in joints and muscles and neurological problems including stroke . The risk of nitrogen narcosis and bends is common in scuba divers .
During carbon- dioxide poisoning ,the demand for oxygen increases . As the `O_2` level in the blood decreases it leads to suffocation and the skin turns bluish black.