Give a detailed account on parthencarpy. Add a note on its significance.

Explanation

In some plants , fruit like structures may develop from the ovary without the act of fertilization. Such fruits are called parthenocarpic fruits. Invariably they will not have true seeds . Many commercial fruits are made seedless . Examples: Banna , Grapes and Papaya.
Nitsch in 1963 classified the parthenocarpy into following types.
Genetic parthenocarpy : Parthenocarpy arises due to hybridization or mutation .
Examples : Citrus , Cucurbita.
Environmental Parthenocarpy : Environmental conditions like frost , fog , low temperature , high temperature etc., induce Parthenocarpy. For example, low temperature for 3 - 19 hours induces parthencarpy in Pear. Chemically induced Parthenocarpy: Application of growth promoting substance like Auxins and Gibberellins induces parthenocarpy.
Significance
`**` The seedless fruits have great significance in horticulture.
`**` The seedless fruits have great commercial importance.
`**` Seedless fruits are useful for the Preparation of jams, jelliecs, sauces , fruit drinks etc.
`**` High proportion of ebible part is available in parthenocarpic fruits due to the absence of seeds.