What is Bioremediation ?

Explanation

Aerobic microbes degrade the pollutants in the presence of oxygen . They mainly degrade pesticides and hydrocarbons Pseudomonas putida is a genetically engineered microorganism (GEM) Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty obtained patent for this recombinant bacterial strain It is multiplasmid hydrocarbon degrading bacterium which can digest the hydrocarbons in the oil spills .
Nitrosomonas europaea is also capable of degrading benzene benzene and a variety of halogenated organic compounds includinf trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride Ideonella sakaiensis is currently tried for recycling of PET plastics These bacteria use PET Tase and MHETase enzymes to breakdown PET plastic into terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.
Anerobic microbes degrade the pollutants in the absence of oxygen . Dechloromonas aromatica has the ability to degrade benzene anarobically and to oxidize toluene and xylene. Phanerochaete chrysosporium an anaerobic fungus exhibits strong potential for bioremediation of pesticides polyaromatic hydrocarbons dyes trinitrotoluene cyanides carbon tetrachloride, etc., Dehalococcoides species are responsible for anaerobic bioremediation of toxic trichloroethene to nontoxic ethane Pestalotiopsis microspora is a species of endophytic fungus capable of breaking down and digesting polyurethane This makes the fungus a potential candidate for bioremediation projects involving large quantities of plastics.