List out the various causes for biodiversity losses.

Explanation

The major causes for biodiversity decline are:
• Habitat loss, fragmentation and destruction (affects about 73% of all species).
• Pollution and pollutants (smog, pesticides, herbicides, oil slicks and GHGs). • Climate change. • Introduction of alien/exotic species.
• Over exploitation of resources (poaching, indiscriminate cutting of trees, over fishing, hunting and mining).
• Intensive agriculture and aquacultural practices.
• Hybridization between native and non-native species and loss of native species uthaunke and volcanoes).
Industrialization, Urbanization, infrastructure development, Transport - Road and Shipping activity, communication towers, dam construction, unregulated tourism and monoculture are common area of specific threats.
• Co-extinction