How radioactive wastes are generated?

Explanation

Radioactive waste management involves the treatment, storage, and disposal of liquid, airborne, and solid effluents from the nuclear industry.
Methods of disposal of radioactive wastes are:
1. Limit generation - Limiting the generation of waste is the first and most important consideration in managing radioactive wastes.
2. Dilute and disperse - For wastes having low radioactivity, dilution and dispersion are adopted.
3. Delay and decay - Delay and decay is frequently an important strategy because much of the radioactivity in nuclear reactors and accelerators is very short lived.
4. Concentrate and confine process - Concentrating and containing is the objective of treatment activities for longer-lived radioactivity. The waste is contained in corrosion resistant containers and transported to disposal sites. Leaching of heavy metals and radionuclides from these sites is a problem of growing concern.