Transformer is a device used for converting low voltage into high voltage and high voltage into low voltage. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of primary and secodnary coil insulated from each other, Depending upon the numbr of turns in the primary and seconary coils, the two types of transformers are step up or step down transformers.
Step up transformer
The transformer used to change a low alternative voltage to a high alternating voltage is called a step up transformer i.e `(V_(s)gtV_(p))`. In a step up transformer, the number of turns in the secondary coil is more than the number of turns in the primary coil `(N_(s)gtN_(p))`.
Step down transformer
The transformer used to change a high alternating voltage to a low alternating voltage is called a step down transformer `(V_(s)ltV_(p))`. In a step down transformer, the number of turns in the secondary coils are less than the number of turns in the primary coil `(N_(s)ltN_(p))`
The formulate pertaining to the transformers are given in the following equations.
The number of primary turns `N_(p)` / The number of secondary turns `N_(s)`= the primary voltage `V_(p)`/ The secondary voltate `V_(s)`
The number of secondary turns `N_(s)`/ The number of primary turns `N_(p)` = The primary current 1p/the secondary current 1s
