Methods of family planning

Explanation

The sudden and rapid rise in the size of human population is called Population Explosion. Contraception: Contraception is one of the best birth control measures. The devices used for contraception are called contraceptive devices. The common contraceptive methods used to prevent pregnancy are as follows:
(a) Barrier methods: This method prevents the meeting of ovum by the sperms. The entry of sperm is prevented into the female reproductive tract by barrier.
(i) Condom: Condom are made of thin rubber or latex sheath. Condom prevents deposition of sperms in the vagina. Condom protect against Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) like Syphilis and AIDS.
(ii) Diaphragm (Cervical cap): Vaginal diaphragm fitting into the vagina or a cervical cap fitting over the cervix. This prevents the entry of sperms into the uterus.
(b) TheHormonal Methods: Hormonal preparations are in the form of pills or tablets (contraceptive pills).se hormones stop the release of egg from the ovary.
(c) Intra-Uterine Devices (IUD): The intrauterine device (IUD) are contraceptive devices, inserted into the uterus. Lippe.s Loop and Copper-T, made of copper and plastic are two synthetic devices, commonly used in India. This can remain for a period of 3 years. This reduces the sperm fertilizing capacity and prevents implantation.
(d) Surgical methods: Surgical contraception or sterilization techniques are terminal methods to prevent any pregnancy. This procedure in males is called as vasectomy (ligation of vas deferens) and in females it is called tubectomy (ligation of fallopian tube). These are methods of permanent birth control.