Explain the DNA fingerprinting technology with an illustration.

Explanation

The DNA pattern of two individuals cannot be same except for identical twins. Each person.
DNA sequence is unique, due to the small difference in the base pairs.
DNA fingerprinting is the easier and quicker method, to compare the genetic difference among the two individuals. This technique was developed by Alec Jeffery.
Each individual.s unique DNA sequences provides distinct characteristics of individual which helps in identification. Variable number of tandem repeat sequences VNTR serve as molecular markers for identification.

In human beings. 99% of DNA base sequences are the same and this is called as bulk genomic DNA. The remaining 1% DNA sequence differs from one individual to another. This 1% DNA sequence is present as small stretch of repeated sequences which is called as satellite DNA The number of copies of the repeat sequence also called as VNTRs differs from one individual to another and results in variation in the size of the DNA segment.
As shown in the illustration, the sequence AGCT is repeated six tintes in first person, five times in second person and seven times in third person. Because of this, DNA segment of third person will be larger in size followed by DNA segment of first person and then the second person. Thus it is clear that satellite DNA brings about variation within the population Variation in DNA banding pattern reveals differences among the individuals.