In which of the following connections the diode is forward biased

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Explanation

To determine in which of the given connections the diode is forward biased, we need to follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Diode Structure**: A diode consists of two parts: the P-type semiconductor (P side) and the N-type semiconductor (N side). The P side has an abundance of holes (positive charge carriers), while the N side has an abundance of electrons (negative charge carriers).

2. **Identify Forward Bias Condition**: A diode is said to be forward biased when the potential of the P side (Vp) is greater than the potential of the N side (Vn). Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
\[ Vp > Vn \]

3. **Analyze Each Connection**:
- **Connection 1**: P side = -1V, N side = +1V
- Here, Vp = -1V and Vn = +1V. Since -1 < +1, this is reverse biased.
- **Connection 2**: P side = -4V, N side = +4V
- Here, Vp = -4V and Vn = +4V. Since -4 < +4, this is also reverse biased.
- **Connection 3**: P side = +3V, N side = -3V
- Here, Vp = +3V and Vn = -3V. Since +3 > -3, this is forward biased.
- **Connection 4**: P side = -2V, N side = -2V
- Here, Vp = -2V and Vn = -2V. Since -2 = -2, this is neither forward nor reverse biased.

4. **Conclusion**: The only connection where the diode is forward biased is the third connection (P side = +3V and N side = -3V).

### Final Answer:
The diode is forward biased in the third connection (P side = +3V, N side = -3V).

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