How are nitrochlorobenzene and chlorobenzene sulphonic acid are prepared from chlorobenzene?

Explanation

To prepare nitrochlorobenzene and chlorobenzene sulfonic acid from chlorobenzene, we can follow these steps:

### Preparation of Nitrochlorobenzene from Chlorobenzene:

1. **Starting Material**: Begin with chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl).

2. **Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution**: To introduce the nitro group, we need to perform an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. For this, we will use a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

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